My 'Doctor of Sciences' dissertation
- Geometry of families of states: from classical to quantum
- Autoreferát: Geometria množín stavov: od klasických ku kvantovým (in Slovak)
My research interests include
- quantum statistical decision theory: comparison of quantum experiments and channels, measurement and hypothesis testing on quantum channels and networks
- quantum divergences: constructions, inequalities and equality conditions, relations to sufficiency (reversibility) of channels
- quantum information geometry: finite dimensional and non-parametric
- mathematical foundations of quantum theory: effect algebras, synaptic algebras
Some more details and links to related papers are provided below.
Quantum statistical decision theory
Comparison of quantum channels and statistical experiments
The classical theory of comparison of statistical experiments was introduced in (D. Blackwell, Comparison of experiments, Proc. 2nd Berkeley Symp. on Math. Stat. and Probab., 1951, 93-102), where a preorder on statistical experiments was defined by comparison of average risks of decision rules. A deep result of this theory is the Blackwell-Sherman-Stein (BSS) theorem, which relates this preorder to randomization of experiments. An approximate version was given in (L. Le Cam, Sufficiency and approximate sufficiency, Ann. Math. 34, (1964), 1419-1455), introducing the notion of deficiency and a (pseudo-)distance of statistical experiments. The extension of the BSS theorem in this setting is the celebrated Le Cam's randomization criterion.
Inspired by the classical theory, we introduce a deficiency measure and a pseudo-distance for a pair of quantum channels with the same input state. This quantity expresses how precisely one channel can be approximated by post-processings of the other, in the diamond norm. We prove a quantum version of Le Cam's randomization criterion, showing that this distance can be determined by comparing optimal success probabilities of certain ensembles. We also study deficiency of quantum statistical experiments and obtain a quantum version of the randomization criterion.
- A. Jenčová, Comparison of quantum channels and quantum statistical experiments, 2016 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT), 2249 - 2253, IEEE Conference Publications, 2016 extended version
- A. Jenčová: Randomization theorems for quantum channels, arXiv:1404.3900, 2014
- A. Jenčová: Comparison of quantum binary experiments, Rep. Math. Phys. 70 (2012), 237-249
Quantum local asymptotic normality
In the joint work with Madalin Guta, we investigate a quantum version of the weak convergence of statistical experiments and the related local asymptotic normality. This means that a parametrized family of i.i.d. states of a quantum system can be locally approximated by a Gaussian shift, in the sense of weak convergence. For this, we introduce the notion of a canonical state of a quantum statistical experiment.
- M. Guta, A. Jenčová, Local asymptotic normality in quantum statistics, Commun. Math. Phys. 276 (2007) 341-379
Measurement and hypothesis testing on quantum channels
The set of qantum channels with a given input and output space has a natural convex structure, related to the possibility of choosing the channel at random. As it is the case in generalized probabilistic theories, a measurement on a convex set can be defined as an affine map, assigning to each element the corresponding probability distribution on the set of outcomes. The performance of measurements is then determined by the convex structure of the set. Since quantum channels can be represented as some (bipartite) states by the Choi isomorphism, measurements can be given in terms of certain operator valued measures, similar to POVMs.
Any measurement on channels can be implemented by applying the channels to an input state on the input space coupled with an ancilla and measuring the resulting states. In the joint work with Martin Plávala, we investigate optimality conditions in multiple hypothesis testing problems on quantum channels. We give conditions for existence of optimal tests with a maximally entangled input state. In the process, a new upper bound on the diamond norm is obtained.
- A. Jenčová, M. Plávala, Conditions for optimal input states for discrimination of quantum channels, J. Math. Phys. 57 (2016), 122203
As a generalization of measurements on the set of channels, quantum supermaps are defined as completely positive trace preserving maps on subspaces of a matrix algebra. These maps can be again represented by elements of some multipartite state space. In this way, we obtain a hierarchy of maps related to quantum combs, describing quantum networks (G. Chiribella et al., Theoretical framework for quantum networks, Phys. Rev. A, 80 (2009)). We investigate related norms on matrix algebras, their duals and their role in statistical decision theory for quantum supermaps.
- A. Jenčová, Base norms and discrimination of generalized quantum channels, J. Math. Phys. 55 (2013), 022201, arxiv:1308.4030
- A. Jenčová, Generalized channels: Channels for convex subsets of the state space, J. Math. Phys. 53 (2012), 012201, arxiv:1105.1899
The convex structure of sets of quantum devices is discused in the following papers:
- A. Jenčová, On the convex structure of process POVMs, J. Math. Phys. 57, 015207
- Z. Puchala, A. Jenčová, M. Sedlák, M. Ziman: Exploring boundaries of quantum convex structures: special role of unitary processes, Phys. Rev. A 92, 012304 (2015)
- A. Jenčová, Extremal generalized quantum measurements, Linear Algebra Appl. 439 (2013), 4070-4079, arXiv:1207.5420
- A. Jenčová, Extremality conditions for generalized channels, J. Math. Phys. 53 (2012), 122203, arxiv:1204.2725
Quantum divergences and sufficiency of channels
The notion of a sufficient (or reversible) quantum channel with respect to a family of states was introduced in (D. Petz, Sufficiency of channels over von Neumann algebras, Quart. J. Math. Oxford, 39 (1988), 97-108), by analogy with cassical sufficient statistics. It means existence of a channel, called a recovery map, by which all states in the family can be recovered. This property is characterized in several equivalent ways, most importantly by equality in the data processing inequality (DPI) for some important entropic quantities, including the relative entropy, and by a certain structure of the channel and the involved states. This is used in finding conditions for equality in entropic inequalities, in particular for characterization of quantum Markov triples by equality in the strong subadditivity of entropy.
Quantum sufficiency in the von Neumann algebra framework
In a joint work with Denes Petz, we investigated conditions for sufficiency of a normal two-positive map (coarse-graining) on a von Neumann algebra. The notion of a minimal sufficient subalgebra is introduced and a version of quantum factorization criterion is obtained in the type I case. Sufficiency is characterized by preservation of a version of quantum Fisher information and characterization of quantum Markov triples is extended to infinite dimensions.
- A. Jenčová, D. Petz, Sufficiency in quantum statistical inference. A survey with examples, IDAQP 9 (2006), 331-351
- A. Jenčová, D. Petz, Sufficiency in quantum statistical inference, Commun. Math. Phys. 263 (2006), 259-276
- A. Jenčová, D. Petz and J. Pitrik, Markov triplets on CCR-algebras, Acta Sci. Math. (Szeged), 76(2010), 27-50
Quantum sufficiency in finite dimensional algebras
In finite dimensions, sufficiency conditions in terms of quasi-entropies and monotone Riemannian metrics (quantum Fisher information) are studied. Further, we investigate conditions related to hypothesis testing, such as $L_1$-distance, Chernoff bound and Hoeffding bound. In a joint paper with M. B. Ruskai, we study convexity and equality conditions for a class of trace functionals.
- A. Jenčová, Reversibility conditions for quantum operations, Rev. Math. Phys. 24 (2012), 1250016
- A. Jenčová, Quantum hypothesis testing and sufficient subalgebras, Lett. Math. Phys 93 (2010), 15
- A. Jenčová, The structure of strongly additive states and Markov triplets on the CAR algebra, J. Math. Phys. 51 (2010), 112103
- A. Jenčová, M.B. Ruskai, A unified treatment of convexity of relative entropy and related trace functions, with conditions for equality, Rev. Math. Phys. 22 (2010), 1099-1121
Sandwiched Rényi relative entropies
Recently, a new, so-called sandwiched version of the quantum Rényi relative $\alpha$-entropy was introduced (M. Muller Lennert et al., On quantum Rényi entropies: a new generalization and some properties, J. Math. Phys., 54 (2013), 122203, M. M. Wilde et al., Strong converse for the classical capacity of entanglement-breaking and Hadamard channels via a sandwiched Rényi relative entropy, Commun. Math. Phys., 331 (2014), 593-622). This quantity is extended to the setting of arbitrary von Neumann algebras and it is shown that equality in DPI characterizes sufficiency of channels for all $\alpha>1$.
- A. Jenčová, Rényi relative entropies and noncommutative Lp-spaces, arXiv:1609.08462, 2016
- A. Jenčová, Preservation of a quantum Renyi relative entropy implies existence of a recovery map, J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 50 (2017), 085303
Quantum information geometry
Classical information geometry studies the differentiable manifold structure of statistical models, the so-called information manifolds, see the monograph (S. Amari, H. Nagaoka, Method of Information Geometry, AMS Monograph, Oxford University Press (2000)). Any information manifold is endowed with a Riemannian metric, provided by the Fisher information, and a family of affine connections. These structures are essentially unique, respecting Markov morphisms between statistical models. Moreover, for dually flat manifolds, the dualistic properties of these structures yield natural divergence measures: the canonical divergences.
Finite dimensional quantum case
It was first observed in (N. N. Cencov, E. A. Morozova, Markov invariant geometry on state manifolds, Itogi Nauki i Tekhniki, 36 (1990), 69-102) that the uniqueness no longer holds for quantum states: there is a large family of Riemannian metrics on the manifold of density matrices, which are monotone under quantum channels. Later, the monotone metrics were characterized by (D. Petz, Monotone metrics on matrix spaces, Lin. Alg. Appl., 244 (1996), 81-96). In the following works, affine connections on such manifolds are studied. We investigate their duality with respect to a given monotone metric and the possibility of introducing a dually flat affine structure. This requirement singles out a family of monotone metrics with a corresponding pair of dual connections.
- A. Jenčová, Generalized relative entropies as contrast functionals on density matrices, Int. J Theor. Phys. 43, (2004), 1635-1649
- A. Jenčová, Geodesic distances on density matrices, J. Math. Phys. 45 (2004), 1787-1794
- A. Jenčová, Flat connections and Wigner-Yanase-Dyson metrics, Rep. Math.Phys. 52 (2003), 331-351,
- A. Jenčová, Quantum information geometry and standard purification, J.Math.Phys., 43 (2002), 2187-2201
- A. Jenčová, Dualistic properties of the manifold of quantum states, In: Disordered and complex systems, AIP Conference Proceedings, Melville, New York 2001
- A. Jenčová, Geometry of quantum states: dual connections and divergence functions, Rep. Math. Phys.,47 (2001),121-138
Nonparametric quantum information geometry
The nonparametric version of classical information manifolds was introduced by (G. Pistone, C.Sempi, An infinite-dimensional geometric structure on the space of all the probability measures equivalent to a given one, Ann. Statist., 23 (1995), 1543-1561). In this case, the manifold is modelled on a Banach space: the exponential Orlicz space. We introduce a quantum version of the eponential Orlicz space and show how this can be used to define a manifold structure on the set of faithful states of a von Neumann algebra. This construction is obtained from relative entropy and its relation to state perturbation. It is also shown that this structure behaves well under completely positive normal unital maps (channels), in particular, it is invariant if and only if the channel is sufficient (reversible) for the given set of states.
- A. Jenčová, On quantum information manifolds, In: Algebraic and Geometric Methods in Statistics, Cambridge University Press 2010
- A. Jenčová, A construction of a nonparametric quantum information manifold, J Funct. Anal. 239 (2006), 1-20
- A. Jenčová, Quantum information geometry and non-commutative Lp spaces, IDAQP 8 (2005), 215-233
Quantum observables
Commutative POVMs and smearings of observables
In a joint work with Silvia Pulmannová and Elena Vinceková, we study smearings of observables on Hilbert spaces and also in the more general setting of effect algebras. A smearing of an observable is defined as a composition with a (weak) Markov kernel, in other words, a post-processing. It is proved that an observable is commutative if and only if it is a smearing of a sharp (or projection-valued) observable. Relations with previous characterization of commutative observables are given.
- A. Jenčová, S. Pulmannová, Characterizations of commutative POV measures, Foundations of Physics 39 (2009), pp. 613-624
- A. Jenčová, S. Pulmannová, E. Vinceková, Sharp and fuzzy observables on effect algebras, Int. J Theor. Phys. 47 (2008) 125-148
- A. Jenčová, S. Pulmannová, How sharp are PV measures?, Rep. Math. Phys. 59 (2007) 257-266
Synaptic algebras
Synaptic algeras were introduced in (D. J. Foulis, Synaptic algebras, Mathematica Slovaca 60 (2010), 631-654) as a generalization of the set of bouded self-adjoint operators on a Hilbert space. This structure ties together the notions of a Jordan algebra, a spectral order-unit normed space, a convex effect algebra and an orthomodular lattice. In collaboration with D. Foulis and S. Pulmannová, we investigated some properties of operator algebras that remain true for synaptic algebras. Moreover, we studied states and observables on synaptic algebras and a version of the Loomis-Sikorski theorem for commutative synaptic algebras.
- D. J. Foulis, A. Jenčová, S. Pulmannová, A Loomis-Sikorski theorem and functional calculus for a generalized Hermitian algebra, arxiv:1610.06208, 2016
- D. J. Foulis, A. Jenčová, S. Pulmannová, States and synaptic algebras, arXiv:1606.08229, to appear in Rep. Math. Phys, 2016
- D. J. Foulis, A. Jenčová, S. Pulmannová, Every synaptic algebra has the monotone square root property, arXiv:1605.04115, to appear in Positivity, 2016
- D.J. Foulis, A. Jenčová, S. Pulmannová, A projection and an effect in a synaptic algebra, Linear Algebra Appl. 485 (2015),417-441
- D.J. Foulis, A. Jenčová, S. Pulmannová, Two projections in a synaptic algebra, Linear Algebra Appl. 478 (2015), 162-187